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This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1945. ==Events== *January 1? - Jean-Paul Sartre refuses the Legion of Honour. *January 27 - Primo Levi is among those liberated from the Auschwitz concentration camp complex. *February - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn is sentenced to eight years in a labour camp for criticism of Stalin. *February 13–15 - The bombing of Dresden in World War II is witnessed by German Jewish diarist Victor Klemperer, by novelist Kurt Vonnegut as an American prisoner of war detained in Slaughterhouse Five, and by Miles Tripp as a British bomb aimer. It will feature in Józef Mackiewicz's novel ''Sprawa pulkownika Miasojedowa'' ("Colonel Miasoyedov's Case") (1962), Bohumil Hrabal's ''Ostře sledované vlaky'' ("Closely Observed Trains") (1965) and Vonnegut's ''Slaughterhouse-Five, or The Children's Crusade: A Duty-Dance with Death'' (1969) . *March 4 - Poet Pablo Neruda is elected a Communist party senator in Chile. He officially joins the Communist Party of Chile four months later. *March 8 - Federico García Lorca's play ''The House of Bernarda Alba'', completed just before his assassination in 1936, is first performed, in Buenos Aires. *March 31 - Tennessee Williams' semi-autobiographical "memory play" ''The Glass Menagerie'' (1944, adapted from a short story) has its Broadway première at the Playhouse Theatre (New York City) starring Laurette Taylor and winning the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award. *By end March (approximately) - Jack Kerouac and William S. Burroughs complete their mystery novel ''And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks'', a fictionalisation of manslaughter committed in 1944 by their friend Lucien Carr, but it will not be published in full until 2008. *May - Estonian poet Heiti Talvik is deported to Siberia and never heard from again. *May 2 * *Expatriate American poet Ezra Pound is arrested by the Italian resistance movement and taken to their headquarters in Chiavari, where he is soon released as possessing no interest.〔Hugh Kenner.〕 On May 5, he turns himself in to the United States Army. He is incarcerated in a military detention camp outside Pisa, spending 25 days in an open cage before being given a tent. Here he appears to have suffered a nervous breakdown. While in the camp he drafts ''The Pisan Cantos''. * *French novelist Colette is the first woman to be admitted to the Académie Goncourt. *May 8 - End of World War II in Europe. The occupying powers in Allied-occupied Germany and Austria will impose restrictions on publishing as part of denazification. *June - Australia's most celebrated literary hoax takes place when the modernist magazine ''Angry Penguins'' is published with poems by the fictitious Ern Malley. Poets James McAuley and Harold Stewart created the poems from lines of other published work and then sent them as the purported work of a recently deceased poet. The hoax is played on Max Harris, at this time a 22-year-old avant garde poet and critic who had started ''Angry Penguins''. Harris and his circle of literary friends agree that a hitherto completely unknown modernist poet of great merit has come to light in suburban Australia. The Autumn 1944 edition of the magazine with the poems comes out in mid-1945 due to wartime printing delays. An Australian newspaper uncovers the hoax within weeks. McAuley and Stewart love early Modernist poets but despise later modernism and especially the well-funded ''Angry Penguins'' and are jealous of Harris's precocious success. *c. July - Theatre Workshop is formed in the north of England by Joan Littlewood, Ewan MacColl and other former members of Theatre Union as a touring company. *August 17 - The allegorical dystopian novella ''Animal Farm'' by George Orwell, a satire on Stalinism, is first published by Fredric Warburg in London. *September 11 - The Citizens Theatre opens in Glasgow under this name. *October 29 - Vladimir Nabokov's application to become a naturalized citizen of the United States, first made in 1940, is granted. *November 1 - The U.S. magazine ''Ebony'' is published for the first time. *November 26 - Release in the United Kingdom of the film ''Brief Encounter'' adapted from Noël Coward's short play ''Still Life''. *December 21 - André Malraux is appointed minister of information by French President Charles de Gaulle. *December - Nag Hammadi library, a collection of Gnostic texts, is discovered in Upper Egypt. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1945 in literature」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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